Padma P. Tadi

Abstract

In this study the antimutagenic/anticarcinogenic, immune enhancing, antitumor and antifungal effects of a crude extract and organosulfur compounds of garlic were determined. Diallyl sulfide (DAS), and ajoene each at 100 /xg/ml, and garlic extract (GE, 12.5 mg/ml) inhibited rat liver 9000 X g supernatant (S- 9) dependent mutagenesis in Salmonella typhimurium TA100 induced by either aflatoxin B1 (AFB^ or benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P). The garlic compounds were shown to inhibit the binding of [3H]AFB1 to calf thymus DNA and the formation of specific AFB1-DNA adducts. These effects on mutagenesis and DNA binding correlated with an inhibition of the metabolism of [3H]AFB1. Ajoene and DAS did not effect glutathione-S-transferase, an enzyme important to the conjugation of compounds to glutathione.

GE was tested for its effects on immune function in a murine model by injecting C3H/He mice with Candida albicans. GE appeared to control C. albicans as exhibited in blood and kidney cultures. Peritoneal exudate cells obtained for chemiluminescent assays from garlic-treated mice exhibited an increased oxidative burst.

The cytotoxic effects of diallyl disulfide (DADS, 5-200 /xg/ml), DAS (200 /ig/ml), dimethyl disulfide (DMDS, 5-400 /xg/ml) and allyl methyl sulfide (AMS, 5-400 /xg/ml), were determined with in vitro cultures of MBT-2, R3327, HL-60 and K562 tumor cells. DADS exhibited toxicity against all the tumor cell lines tested. DMDS was cytotoxic to K562 tumor cells and AMS was cytotoxic to MBT-2 cells.

The effects of DADS, DAS, DMDS and AMS on the in vitro growth of C. albicans were investigated. Inhibitory concentrations mg/ml of DAS, DMDS, AMS and DADS were in the range of 0.625 - 1.250, 5 - 20, 10 - 20 and 156-625 /ig/ml respectively.

The results of this study suggest that garlic compounds inhibited rat liver S-9 mediated AFB, metabolite binding to calf thymus DNA, AFBrDNA adduct formation and AFBrinduced mutagenesis in S. typhimurium TA100 by inhibition of microsomal mixed-function oxidase activity. Garlic compounds exhibited antifungal activity and enhanced phagocytic activity. In addition, garlic compounds were cytotoxic to several tumor cell lines.

LLU Discipline

Biology

Department

Biology

School

Graduate School

First Advisor

Benjamin H. S. Lau

Second Advisor

Leonard R. Brand

Third Advisor

Robert W. Teel

Fourth Advisor

Clifford E. Herrmann

Fifth Advisor

James D. Kettering

Sixth Advisor

Elwood McCluskey

Degree Name

Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

Degree Level

Ph.D.

Year Degree Awarded

1991

Date (Title Page)

6-1991

Language

English

Library of Congress/MESH Subject Headings

Garlic -- analysis

Type

Dissertation

Page Count

ix; 103

Digital Format

PDF

Digital Publisher

Loma Linda University Libraries

Usage Rights

This title appears here courtesy of the author, who has granted Loma Linda University a limited, non-exclusive right to make this publication available to the public. The author retains all other copyrights.

Collection

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Collection Website

http://scholarsrepository.llu.edu/etd/

Repository

Loma Linda University. Del E. Webb Memorial Library. University Archives

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